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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.12.2.48</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Tolerance of Trichoderma sp. to Heavy Metals and its Antifungal Activity in Algerian Marine Environment</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Ayad</surname>
                        <given-names>Farah</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Matallah-Boutiba</surname>
                        <given-names>Amaria</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>

				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Rouane–Hacene</surname>
                        <given-names>Omar</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>

				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Bouderbala</surname>
                        <given-names>Mohamed</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>

				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Boutiba</surname>
                        <given-names>Zitouni</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>

                		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
            <aff id="aff-1">University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Laboratoire Réseau de Surveillance Environnementale
(LRSE), Departement of Biology, BP 1524 El M’naouer, 31000, Oran, Alegria.</aff>
	 
			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-06-30">
                <day>30</day>
                <month>06</month>
                <year>2018</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>12</volume>
            <issue>2</issue>
            <fpage>855</fpage>
            <lpage>870</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2018 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microbiologyjournal.org/tolerance-of-trichoderma-sp-to-heavy-metals-and-its-antifungal-activity-in-algerian-marine-environment/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Western Algerian waste line is a dump of any form of pollution. Therefore sampling
sites are ports, also close to urban waste which shelter a wide variety of fungal population.
After seawater samplings, isolation we screened 235 kind of fungi for their behaviors with
(Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu). Fourteen Trichoderma sp. isolates were evaluated for their tolerance to
heavy metals stress at different concentrations of (Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu). Trichoderma sp. was
exposed to concentrations between (0 - 4000 mg/l). The stress of biomass caused by the presence
of heavy metals remains minimal. Maximum optimal growth has been demonstrated in our
study at high concentrations of metals. Fungi expand gradually in cultures of metallic solutions.
Its fresh weight reached 1, 89 Gr on 200 mg/l and 0,556Gr on 2000 mg/l. In the Zinc (Zn So4)
solution the mycelium will grow mostly on 600 mg/l his weight achieved 0,97 Gr. Development
in copper (Cu So4) solution is minimal, the fungi has pushed on 2000 mg/l to reach 0,046Gr.
The Trichoderma sp. show an important potential of tolerance, it growth and stays different
comparing to others fungus; The results emphasized the heavy metals detoxification abilities of
Trichoderma sp. Bioremediation strategy could enhance the treatment of contaminated areas.
		</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Marine</kwd>
        <kwd>Trichoderma sp.,</kwd>
			<kwd>biomass</kwd>
			<kwd>tolerance</kwd>
			<kwd>heavy metals</kwd>
			<kwd>western Algeria</kwd>
         </kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
