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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.11.4.09</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Kinetic Models Demonstrate Ability of Staphylococcus aureus to Uptake Heme from Beta vulgaris Proteins</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Abhishek</surname>
                        <given-names>Suman</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
                </contrib>
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Kumar Gupta</surname>
                        <given-names>Anil</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Singh</surname>
                        <given-names>Anjuvan</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
                </contrib>
                		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
            <aff id="aff-1">Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.</aff>
			<aff id="aff-2">Microbiology Division, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Patna, Bihar, India.</aff>
			<aff id="aff-3">Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.</aff>
	 
			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-30">
                <day>30</day>
                <month>12</month>
                <year>2017</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>11</volume>
            <issue>4</issue>
            <fpage>1713</fpage>
            <lpage>1719</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2017 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microbiologyjournal.org/kinetic-models-demonstrate-ability-of-staphylococcus-aureus-to-uptake-heme-from-beta-vulgaris-proteins/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Heme, a Fe-centred hexacoordinated organometallic compound mainly present in blood proteins, acts as a major source of iron (Fe2+) for various hemolytic microorganisms. This makes blood an essential mediumsupplement for characterizing such organisms. Considering the increasing blood demand for this purpose, we are proposing an alternative approach for hemolytic characterization of bacteria using plant derivative. For the first time, we present the kinetic model of growth of Staphylococcus aureus, a beta-hemolytic, gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium, and subsequent heme uptake at an optimized concentration of crude proteins of Beta vulgaris (red beetroot). In this paper, we have determined the heme content of the beetroot juice and demonstrated the ability of S. aureus to uptake heme from beetroot protein solution. According to the determined growth kinetics, the doubling time of the bacterium in the beetroot protein supplemented medium was 25 minutes. The heme uptake analysis showed a zeroth order kinetics with a constant decline rate of 0.19 μM h-1.
		</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Plant heme</kwd>
        <kwd>3R’s</kwd>
			<kwd>Beetroot</kwd>
			<kwd>Hemolytic characterization</kwd>
			<kwd>Heme uptake kinetics</kwd>
			<kwd>Growth kinetics</kwd>
         </kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
