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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.11.2.03</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Anti-Microbial Effects of Conductive Copper Nanoparticle Film</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Parrott</surname>
                        <given-names>Daniel</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>M. Ringelman</surname>
                        <given-names>Kevin</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>S. Chaussee</surname>
                        <given-names>Michael</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
                		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
            <aff id="aff-1">Division of the Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of theUniversity of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States of America.</aff>
			<aff id="aff-2">School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter,Baton Rouge, LA. United States of America.</aff>
	 
			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-06-30">
                <day>30</day>
                <month>06</month>
                <year>2017</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>11</volume>
            <issue>2</issue>
            <fpage>661</fpage>
            <lpage>668</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2017 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microbiologyjournal.org/anti-microbial-effects-of-conductivecopper-nanoparticle-film/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Novel infection control methods are needed to prevent further increases in the morbidity and mortality associated with hospital acquired infections. One method is to minimize bacterial transmission is to prevent bacterial growth on hospital surfaces. Copper has anti-microbial properties but is used sparingly in health care settings due to the cost associated with retrofitting surfaces with copper sheet metal or less durable foil. However, copper nanoparticles (CNPs) embedded in a polymer matrix may be similarly anti-microbial, which would offer a viable alternative to copper metal. In this pilot study, we created films with various densities of CNPs and tested their effectiveness in killing bacteria commonly associated with hospital-acquired infections. We found that films with mass ratios greater than 1:2 of CNP to polymer matrix solution killed Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus more effectively than a copper plate, while the killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was similar when exposed to either surface. We also found that passing an electrical current through the CNP film increased the anti-microbial effect of the films against P. aeruginosa even more so than electrified Cu plates. CNP films, which are relatively inexpensive, could be sprayed directly onto hospital surfaces to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired infections.
		</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Antimicrobial film</kwd>
        <kwd>Copper nanoparticles</kwd>
			<kwd>Antimicrobial copper</kwd>
			<kwd>MRSA</kwd>
			<kwd>infection control</kwd>
         </kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
