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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.10.4.36</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Relative Efficacy of Acetamirpid + Fipronil Combination
Formulation Against BPH (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) and GLH (Nephotettix virscens Distant) in Rice </article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Roshan</surname>
                        <given-names>D. Rakshith</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Raju</surname>
                        <given-names>S.V.S.</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Singh</surname>
                        <given-names>K.N.</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
                		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
            <aff id="aff-1">Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology,
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, India.</aff>
	 
			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-30">
                <day>30</day>
                <month>12</month>
                <year>2016</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>10</volume>
            <issue>4</issue>
            <fpage>2773</fpage>
            <lpage>2782</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2016 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microbiologyjournal.org/relative-efficacy-of-acetamirpid-fipronil-combination-formulation-against-bph-nilaparvata-lugens-stal-glh-nephotettix-virscens-distant-in-rice/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Rice is the staple cereal crop consumed by more than 50% of world population.
Its production can directly show influence on once nation’s food security, including
Indian subcontinent. Nowadays the rice crop is subjected to major damage by sucking
pests, especially Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (brown plant hopper) and Nephotettix virscens
(Distant) (green leaf hopper). These pests are reported to cause an annual losses of 10-
70% of grain yield. Further, these pests are reported to show resistance conventional
insecticides and even the new groups of insecticides also reported to show less efficacy
after few repeated applications. Keeping these constraints in view, an experiment was
conducted to study the efficacy of combination insecticide formulation (acetamiprid +
fipronil) in comparision to their corresponding sole insecticidal treatment. Eight test
insecticides viz., acetamiprid 15 + fipronil 60 WDG, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, fipronil
in two formulations 5SC and 80WG, monocrotophos, chlorpyriphos were assessed. The
results showed that during kharif 2013, acetamiprid + fipronil treated plots are
experienced low average insect pest population of BPH (2.02) and GLH (2.33) by the end of
2nd spray and per cent reduction over control for BPH and GLH was 87.71and 88.15
respectively which is higher than any other insecticidal treatment under study. Further,
imidacloprid and acetamiprid were reported as next best chemicals followed by fipronil
5SC and 80WG. The same scenario was observed during kharif 2014 which emphasizes
that acetamiprid + fipronil combination will give effective results for management of
BPH and GLH than their corresponding individual insecticidal applications.
		</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Brown plant hopper</kwd>
        <kwd>green leaf hopper</kwd>
			<kwd>bio-efficacy</kwd>
			<kwd>neonicotinoids</kwd>
			<kwd>phenyl pyrazole</kwd>
         </kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
