0973-7510 Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 2581-690X DR. M.N. Khan 10.22207/JPAM.13.1.02 Recent Progress in Metal-Microbe Interactions: Prospects in Bioremediation E.H. Osman Gamal H. Abulreesh Hussein Elbanna Khaled R. Shaaban Mohammed Samreen Ahmad Iqbal Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia. Microbial Genetics Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), ARC, Giza 12619, Egypt. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh – 202 002, India 28 03 2019 13 1 13 26 Copyright © 2019 The Author(s) 2019 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Heavy metal contamination due to natural and anthropogenic source is a major environmental problem. Release of metal from use of agrochemicals, industrial effluents and wastewater residues and their accumulation in food causes serious dilemma to animal and human health concern. On the other hand microbial population gets affected from metal toxicity at elevated concentration. With the result microbes develops various resistance mechanism to cope with metal toxicity. Both physiological and genetic mechanisms are involved in developing such resistance. Recent advances on metal-bacteria interaction has led to better understanding of metal accumulation/detoxification or biotransformation and bioremediation of metals through application of such bacteria. Role of various transport protein families involved in heavy metal metabolism are now explored. This article provides insights of metal-bacteria interaction in terms of resistance mechanisms and role of various transport proteins and its potential application in bioremediation of metal pollution.

 Keywords Heavy metal resistance Bioremediation public health efflux pump genes Transport proteins