ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Ahmed Ismail Khalil1,2 , Fahad Nasser Alkoaik1, MajdiAli Al-Mahasneh1, Ronnel Blanqueza Fulleros1 and Ahmed Mohamed El-Waziry3
1Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences,
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
2Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research,
University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
3Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2014;8(Spl. Edn. 2):611-622
© The Author(s). 2014
Received: 10/08/2014 | Accepted: 06/09/2014 | Published: 30/11/2014
Abstract

Changes in physical, chemical and microbial parameters were monitored during the composting of Conocarpus erectus residues using a bioreactor. The residues (leaves and small stems) were collected, cut into small pieces and mixed. The C/N ratio of the mixture was 25.22. The moisture content was adjusted to 65% at the start of the experiment.The total volume of the bioreactor was 0.03 m3. Airflow was supplied at a rate of 10 L/min. The results showed that the temperature increased and reached its maximum (54oC) after 36 hrs and then decreased to 26oC. The final compost was odourless and black. The pH decreased from 6.50 to 6.35 after 3 days and then increased to 6.83. The electrical conductivity increased with time from 1.77 to 2.09 mS/cm. The organic matter decreased from 83.93 to 75.85% and the loss reached to 39.86% and followed the first-order kinetic equation. The C/N ratio decreased from 25.22 to 18.48. The mesophilic bacteria and fungi decreased after 3 days and then increased, whereas the thermophilic ones increased after 3 days and then decreased. It can be concluded that composting can be a suitable method for converting Conocarpus erectusresidues into compost if the optimum conditions are performed.

Keywords

Composting, Conocarpus erectus residues, Evaluation parameters

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© The Author(s) 2014. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.