The purpose of this study is to assess the SNP (rs2279115; – 938 C>A) polymorphism in the BCL-2 gene of Iraqi leukemic patients. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) gene is considered to be related with leukemia improvement. The single nucleotide polymorphism “(SNP; -938 C>A)” of BCL-2 was discovered a few years ago. In accordance with the SNP’s (rs2279115) function against leukemia, we evaluated the distribution frequency of the allele in addition to the relationship of the genotype with clinicopathological features. This study involved a case-control design in which the BCL-2 gene promoter polymorphism with the rs2279115 variant was genotyped in a total of 230 individuals, including 120 leukemia patients and 110 healthy subjects, to predict the variation in leukemic Iraqi patients. The patient group was enrolled from the Medical Euphrates Center for Oncology in the Najaf province that is involved in the WHO strategy of leukemia. From whole categories of blood, the DNA was extracted and genotyped using the BccI enzyme and the RFLP- PCR technique. The occurrences of the CC, AC, and AA alleles of the promoter BCL-2 gene polymorphism (C-938A) in leukemia patients were 38 (32%), 55 (46%), and 27 (22.5%), respectively, while control they were 46 (42%), 54 (49.1%), and 10 (9.1%), respectively in the control group (P<0.01). It was shown that the existence of the A allele in the SNP (rs2279115) in the BCL-2 gene promoter was related to an increased risk for the development of leukemia in the Iraqi population. The minor allele (A) in (rs2279115) of BCL-2 gene was significantly elevated (p<0.01) in leukemia patients (22.5%) as compared with healthy individuals (9.1%). Accordingly, the homozygous genotype AA (OR=3.27, CI 95% 1.41-7.60, P= 0.01) significantly augmented the risk of leukemia development by more than three times when compared with those of reference wild-type AA. The results of this study indicated that the AA genotype of BCL-2 (-938C>A) was associated with a predisposition to leukemia in the Iraqi population.