In present study, the various supplementations of different cheaper additives were analysed for deducing their role in GA fermentation by Aspergillus niger. In addition of antifoaming property, soybean oil (0.5%) and olive oil (2%) efficiently increases the GA production by 11.2 gL-1 and 5.61 gL-1 over 36 hours respectively. These additives also showed significant contribution in biomass increment. However, the remarkable results were observed in cases of yeast extract (YE) and CaCl2 supplementations in fermentation media. Among these, YE (2%) markedly increased GA production yield (96.16 gL-1) up to 58.29% over 36 hours. The low concentration of CaCl2 (0.5%) also have potential to increase the yield of GA up to 14.14%. The effect of various hydrocarbons on GA concentration in fermentation was also studied. The ethanol acts as inducer of GA production, where as methanol and hexane shows the negative effect on GA concentration during fermentation.
Aspergillus niger, Gluconic acid fermentation, Soybean oil, Olive oil, Yeast extract, CaCl2, Hydrocarbons
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