ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Nadasha Koonath Vijayan1, Habibu Tanimu2 and Bindhu Omana Sukumaran3
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
2Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia-950101, Nigeria.
3Centre for Researcher Training and Administration, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Article Number: 9261 | © The Author(s). 2024
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2024;18(3):1848-1859. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.18.3.34
Received: 21 January 2024 | Accepted: 28 June 2024 | Published online: 23 August 2024
Issue online: September 2024
Abstract

Among the main global health concern is the rampant rise in antibiotic resistant bacteria. One of the appealing and promising strategies to combat this menace is to target the adaptive mechanism called quorum sensing (QS) used by bacteria to survive. Exploratory research on anti-QS compounds derived from natural products has been a promising area. The present study investigated methanolic extracts from 26 plants to compare their anti-QS activity using the QS biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 12472) (Microbial Type Culture Collection MTCC2656). QS-mediated violacein pigment inhibition was carried out using agar well diffusion method with concentrations ranging from 10 mg/ml to 100 mg/ml. Leaf extracts of Mangifera indica and Pimenta dioica and peel extract of Punica granatum were the only three plants found to exhibit violacein inhibitory potential till 10 mg/ml. The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed 1.6 mg/ml for M. indica and P. dioica and 6.25 mg/ml for P. granatum. Further, violacein inhibitory properties of these extracts at and below MIC were evaluated by well diffusion assay (qualitative) and by flask incubation assay (quantitative). The zone of inhibition (well diffusion assay) was found to be 14.51 ± 0.63 mm to 10.37 ± 0.68mm for M. indica, 15.23 ± 0.57 mm to 9.62 ± 1.29 mm for P. granatum and 17.01 ± 0.1 mm to 13.14 ± 0.18 mm for P. dioica. The inhibitory effect of the plant extracts via quantitative assay on violacein ranged from 83-49%, 89-81%, and 89-49% for M. indica, P. granatum, and P. dioica respectively. Our findings suggested the potential of M. indica, P. granatum, and P. dioica methanolic extracts as a source of effective inhibitors of QS-mediated violacein production.

Keywords

Antibiotic Resistance, Chromobacterium violaceum, Plant Extracts, Quorum Sensing, Violacein, Virulence Factors

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© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.