ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
V. Kavya, Rashmi P. Mahale , R. Deepashree and A. Nidha Jamal
Department of Microbiology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Article Number: 9239 | © The Author(s). 2024
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2024;18(3):1729-1740. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.18.3.22
Received: 12 January 2024 | Accepted: 01 June 2024 | Published online: 31 July 2024
Issue online: September 2024
Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections have emerged as a major public health concern. The aim of the present study was to detect the rate of infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in a tertiary care hospital, the rate of Carbapenemases and AmpC-β-lactamases production and the Antimicrobial susceptibility test pattern (AST) among MDR GNB. The rate of MDR GNB during the study period was 25.70%. Urine samples showed the highest contribution to the total MDR GNB. Among the total MDR GNB isolates, 166 were randomly selected and included in the present study. A higher rate of MDR GNB was reported among male patients (61.5%) compared to the females (38.5%) and most of them were from the patients aged between 61-70 years (30.7%). The most prevalent MDR GNB was Klebsiella pneumoniae 80 (48.12%), followed by Escherichia coli 43 (25.9%). AST of MDR GNB revealed their significant resistance to β-lactamases/β-lactamases inhibitors, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and carbapenem drugs (98%). Of 123 MDR Enterobacterales, 83% of them were found to be Metallo β-lactamase (MBLs) producers by mCIM and eCIM methods. Of 43 MDR non-fermenters, 29 (67.4%) of them were found to be carbapenemase producers by MHT. About 29.51% of MDR GNB isolates were found to be AmpC producers by AmpC disk test. A reliable and rapid phenotypic method to detect carbapenemases and AmpC β-lactamases among MDR GNB in a routine microbiology laboratory method is clinically important to guide antibiotic therapy and implementation of effective infection control practices.

Keywords

Multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative Bacteria, Hospital Acquired Infections, Carbapenemase, AmpC β-lactamase, Modified Hodge Test, Carbapenemase Inactivation Method

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