ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Nikhitha Amin1, M. Manjunath Shenoy2 and Vidya Pai3
1Department of Dermatology, Yenepoya Medical College and Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka-575018, India.
2Department of Dermatology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore Karnataka-575018, India.
3Department of Microbiology, Yenepoya Medical College, (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka-575018, India.
Article Number: 8599 | © The Author(s). 2023
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2023;17(4):2598-2608. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.4.59
Received: 03 April 2023 | Accepted: 03 October 2023 | Published online: 02 December 2023
Issue online: December 2023
Abstract

Dermatophytosis is a prevalent infection in tropical and subtropical countries, including India. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology and clinical aspects of chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis, identify the clinical isolates, and assess the effectiveness of different microscopy and staining methods for diagnosis. The objective of the study is to study the epidemiology and clinical aspects of chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis and to identify the clinical isolates. Attempts to improve the diagnostic outcome by implementing different microscopy and staining methods have also been performed. Adult patients with chronic and recurrent cases and positive direct microscopy were included, and clinical details were recorded. The mycological culture was performed. Fifteen isolates were selected randomly and subjected to 0.9% NaCl, Chicago sky blue staining, Calcofluor white staining, and Congo red staining in addition to the standard lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB) preparation. Among the 178 patients in the study, females (56.7%) and patients aged 25-45 (50%) were more frequently affected. Tinea corporis was the most common clinical type (89.32%). Recurrent cases (56.1%) were more prevalent than chronic cases (43.9%). Culture positivity was seen in 60.1%, with Trichophyton mentagrophytes being the most common isolate (86%). Among the staining methods used on 15 selected isolates, Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) was scored as the most effective, scoring 2.6 out of 3. The study revealed several clinical and epidemiological findings related to dermatophytosis in India, including a high degree of communicability, inadvertent therapies including topical steroid misuse, and a persistent nature requiring an extended duration of therapy. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most frequently isolated pathogen. Of the staining methods evaluated, Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) was found to be the most effective. The findings suggest a need for continued research into effective treatments and diagnostic methods for dermatophytosis in India.

Keywords

Chronic Dermatophytosis, Recurrent Dermatophytosis, Mycological Diagnosis, Lactophenol Cotton Blue, Calcofluor White, Congo Red

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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.