ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Naba Kumar Deka1,2 , Pratap Jyoti Handique1 , Probodh Borah2,3, Pranita Konwar4, Geetanjali Deka5, Rijumani Das6 and Mridusmita Choudhury1,2
1Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
2Advanced Level State Biotech Hub, CVSc, AAU, Khanapara, Assam, India.
3Department of Animal Biotechnology, CVSc, AAU, Khanapara, Assam, India.
4Regional AI Centre, Bokakhat, Golaghat, Assam, India.
5Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, FAA Medical College & Hospital, Barpeta, Assam, India.
6Department of Surgery, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Article Number: 8367 | © The Author(s). 2023
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2023;17(2):951-965. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.2.25
Received: 21 December 2022 | Accepted: 04 April 2023 | Published online: 10 May 2023
Issue online: June 2023
Abstract

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is highly divergent antibiotic resistant bacteria earmarked as “High” in global pathogens’ priority list varying the severity and resistance geographically. Here, MRSA were screened using mecA gene with Cefoxitin and other 27 antibiotics of 19 classes using disc diffusion method from a highly humid climate of India. Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index was calculated. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined against 11 classes of antibiotics. Detection of major virulence genes tst-1 and lukPV were done. A total of 95.24% Hospital Associated (HA)-MRSA, 56.14% Community Associated (CA)-MRSA and 82.53 % Livestock Associated (LA)-MRSA were detected. Cefoxitin, Oxacillin, Ciprofloxacin, Fusidic acid and Ticarcillin-Clavulinic acid resistance was observed in more than 60% of HA-MRSA, CA-MRSA and LA-MRSA. Across the hosts, Mupirocin, Gentamicin, Linezolid, Co-trimoxazole, and Rifampicin were found effective. Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) detected in CA-MRSA & LA-MRSA. Multidrug Resistant (MDR) was found very high but extensively drug-resistant (XDR) was detected moderately. No pan drug-resistant (PDR) was detected. Virulence gene tst-1 and lukPV were detected in 7.69% and 32.69% MRSA isolates. The gene tst-1 is reported for the first time in pre and post-caesarian samples from Gynaecology department in this region with high MDR. This study showed S. aureus and subsequent prevalence of MRSA is higher in this region then national data. 2nd generation Cephalosporins were found effective which is very encouraging due to their limited uses. Detection of tst-1 in caesarian samples is a serious threat as neonatal transmission of MRSA from mother is reported.

Keywords

MRSA, OS-MRSA, BORSA, VISA, XDR, MDR, MAR Index

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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.